Purchasing Concepts in R12
Purchasing provides you the features you need to satisfy the following purchasing needs. You should be able to:
- Review all of your purchases with your suppliers to negotiate better discounts
- Create purchase orders simply by entering a supplier and item details
- Create standard purchase orders and blanket releases from both on-line and paper requisitions
- Quickly and effectively manage procurement in a global business environment using global agreements that can be shared across the entire enterprise
- Create accurate and detailed accounting information so that you charge purchases to the appropriate departments
- Check your funds availability while creating purchase orders
- Review the status and history of your purchase orders at any time for all the information you need
- Communicate purchase orders to suppliers flexibly using a number of options
- Inform your suppliers of your shipment schedule requirements
- Record supplier acceptances of your purchase orders. You always know whether your suppliers have received and accepted your purchase order terms and conditions
- Create your purchase orders by providing a quantity and price for each item you are ordering. Alternatively, you should also be able to create your purchase order simply by providing an amount if you are ordering a service that you cannot break down by price and quantity
- Create purchase orders that leverage flexible pricing structures or implement complex pricing from Oracle Advanced Pricing
Purchase Order Types
Purchasing provides the following purchase order types: Standard Purchase Order, Planned Purchase Order, Blanket Purchase Agreement, and Contract Purchase Agreement. You can use the Document Name field in the Document Types window to change the names of these documents. For example, if you enter Regular Purchase Order in the Document Name field for the Standard Purchase Order type, your choices in the Type field in the Purchase Orders window will be Regular Purchase Order, Planned Purchase Order, Blanket Purchase Agreement, and Contract Purchase Agreement.
Standard Purchase Orders
You generally create standard purchase orders for one-time purchase of various items. You create standard purchase orders when you know the details of the goods or services you require, estimated costs, quantities, delivery schedules, and accounting distributions. If you use encumbrance accounting, the purchase order may be encumbered since the required information is known.
Blanket Purchase Agreements
You create blanket purchase agreements when you know the detail of the goods or services you plan to buy from a specific supplier in a period, but you do not yet know the detail of your delivery schedules. You can use blanket purchase agreements to specify negotiated prices for your items before actually purchasing them. Blanket purchase agreements can be created for a single organization or to be shared by different business units of your organization (global agreements). You can encumber funds for a blanket purchase agreement.
Global Blanket Agreements
You may need to negotiate based on an enterprises’ total global purchase volume to enable centralizing the buying activity across a broad and sometimes diverse set of businesses. Using global agreements (a special type of blanket purchase agreement), buyers can negotiate enterprise-wide pricing, business by business, then execute and manage those agreements in one central shared environment. Enterprise organizations can then access the agreement to create purchase orders that leverage pre-negotiated prices and terms. You can encumber funds for a global agreement.
Blanket Releases
You can issue a blanket release against a blanket purchase agreement to place the actual order (as long as the release is within the blanket agreement effectivity dates). If you use encumbrance accounting, you can encumber each release.
Contract Purchase Agreements
You create contract purchase agreements with your suppliers to agree on specific terms and conditions without indicating the goods and services that you will be purchasing. You can later issue standard purchase orders referencing your contracts, and you can encumber these purchase orders if you use encumbrance accounting.
Global Contract Agreements
You can use global contract agreeements (a special type of contract purchase agreement) to centralize a supplier relationship. Buyers throughout the enterprise can then leverage this relationship by referencing this global contract agreement in your standard purchase orders.
Planned Purchase Orders
A planned purchase order is a long-term agreement committing to buy items or services from a single source. You must specify tentative delivery schedules and all details for goods or services that you want to buy, including charge account, quantities, and estimated cost.
Scheduled Releases
You can issue scheduled releases against a planned purchase order to place the actual orders. If you use encumbrance accounting, you can use the planned purchase order to reserve funds for long term agreements. You can also change the accounting distributions on each release and the system will reverse the encumbrance for the planned purchase order and create a new encumbrance for the release.
Purchase Order Types Summary
| Standard Purchase Order | Planned Purchase Order | Blanket Purchase Agreement | Contract Purchase Agreement | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Terms and Conditions Known | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Goods or Services Known | Yes | Yes | Yes | No |
| Pricing Known | Yes | Yes | Maybe | No |
| Quantity Known | Yes | Yes | No | No |
| Account Distributions Known | Yes | Yes | No | No |
| Delivery Schedule Known | Yes | Maybe | No | No |
| Can Be Encumbered | Yes | Yes | Yes | No |
| Can Encumber Releases | N/A | Yes | Yes | N/A |
Reference: http://docs.oracle.com/cd/E18727_01/doc.121/e13410/T446883T443953.htm
Thanks , very use full information
if Possible please list out What are the concepts in Po one by one
Thanks & Regards
M.Reddy.